Merchandise exports to high-income economies in Pre-demographic dividend
Pre-demographic dividend: Merchandise exports to high-income economies was 45.0% in 2023. ▼ Falling
Merchandise exports to high-income economies in Pre-demographic dividend, 1960–2023
Source: Staff estimates, World Bank (WB). Measured in % of total merchandise exports.
Analysis
Pre-demographic dividend recorded 45.0% for merchandise exports to high-income economies in 2023.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 1.6% on the previous year and down 6.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, merchandise exports to high-income economies in Pre-demographic dividend peaked at 91.2% in 1979 and was at its lowest, 41.0%, in 2020.
That places Pre-demographic dividend 45th out of 47 groups with data for 2023, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 64 years of available data.
Merchandise exports to high-income economies in Pre-demographic dividend, year by year
| Year | % of total merchandise exports | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 90.1% | — |
| 1961 | 89.9% | -0.2% |
| 1962 | 87.9% | -2.2% |
| 1963 | 88.1% | +0.2% |
| 1964 | 86.5% | -1.8% |
| 1965 | 86.7% | +0.2% |
| 1966 | 87.6% | +1.1% |
| 1967 | 86.8% | -1.0% |
| 1968 | 85.5% | -1.4% |
| 1969 | 84.5% | -1.2% |
| 1970 | 83.8% | -0.9% |
| 1971 | 84.0% | +0.2% |
| 1972 | 82.1% | -2.2% |
| 1973 | 83.2% | +1.4% |
| 1974 | 87.9% | +5.6% |
| 1975 | 88.6% | +0.8% |
| 1976 | 90.7% | +2.3% |
| 1977 | 90.6% | -0.1% |
| 1978 | 90.5% | -0.2% |
| 1979 | 91.2% | +0.8% |
| 1980 | 81.1% | -11.1% |
| 1981 | 78.1% | -3.7% |
| 1982 | 77.3% | -1.1% |
| 1983 | 78.8% | +2.0% |
| 1984 | 79.7% | +1.1% |
| 1985 | 81.2% | +2.0% |
| 1986 | 80.9% | -0.4% |
| 1987 | 78.6% | -2.8% |
| 1988 | 78.5% | -0.1% |
| 1989 | 77.8% | -0.8% |
| 1990 | 80.2% | +3.1% |
| 1991 | 81.6% | +1.7% |
| 1992 | 82.6% | +1.2% |
| 1993 | 79.4% | -3.8% |
| 1994 | 78.5% | -1.2% |
| 1995 | 75.9% | -3.2% |
| 1996 | 75.5% | -0.5% |
| 1997 | 75.8% | +0.3% |
| 1998 | 75.0% | -1.0% |
| 1999 | 73.9% | -1.5% |
| 2000 | 56.0% | -24.2% |
| 2001 | 54.2% | -3.2% |
| 2002 | 52.0% | -4.1% |
| 2003 | 50.9% | -2.0% |
| 2004 | 56.3% | +10.6% |
| 2005 | 56.2% | -0.1% |
| 2006 | 56.9% | +1.1% |
| 2007 | 56.8% | -0.1% |
| 2008 | 58.1% | +2.3% |
| 2009 | 55.0% | -5.5% |
| 2010 | 54.1% | -1.7% |
| 2011 | 53.4% | -1.3% |
| 2012 | 51.1% | -4.3% |
| 2013 | 47.9% | -6.2% |
| 2014 | 47.2% | -1.5% |
| 2015 | 47.1% | -0.2% |
| 2016 | 47.3% | +0.3% |
| 2017 | 45.1% | -4.6% |
| 2018 | 42.2% | -6.3% |
| 2019 | 42.9% | +1.5% |
| 2020 | 41.0% | -4.4% |
| 2021 | 41.3% | +0.9% |
| 2022 | 44.3% | +7.1% |
| 2023 | 45.0% | +1.6% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 87.4% | 84.5% | 90.1% | 10 |
| 1970s | 87.3% | 82.1% | 91.2% | 10 |
| 1980s | 79.2% | 77.3% | 81.2% | 10 |
| 1990s | 77.8% | 73.9% | 82.6% | 10 |
| 2000s | 55.2% | 50.9% | 58.1% | 10 |
| 2010s | 47.8% | 42.2% | 54.1% | 10 |
| 2020s | 42.9% | 41.0% | 45.0% | 4 |
Countries ranked near Pre-demographic dividend
- 42 Tunisia 84.5% compare
- 43 Central African Republic 84.3% compare
- 44 United Kingdom 84.2% compare
- 45 Italy 84.0% compare
- 46 Spain 83.8% compare
- 47 France 83.7% compare
- 48 Cape Verde 83.4% compare
More private sector data for Pre-demographic dividend
- Merchandise trade 45.3% (2025)
- Food imports 15.5% (2019)
- Manufactures imports 63.9% (2019)
- Merchandise imports 373.79 billion current US$ (2025)
- Food exports 12.3% (2023)
- Manufactures exports 7.6% (2023)
- Merchandise exports 383.71 billion current US$ (2025)
- Merchandise exports (current US$), per capita 338.63 current US$ per person (2025)
- Merchandise exports (current US$), per unit of GDP 0.2303 current US$ per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Merchandise exports (current US$), annual growth rate 5.44 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is merchandise exports to high-income economies in Pre-demographic dividend?
- Merchandise exports to high-income economies in Pre-demographic dividend was 45.0% in 2023, according to Staff estimates, World Bank (WB).
- What is the highest merchandise exports to high-income economies recorded in Pre-demographic dividend?
- The highest recorded value was 91.2% in 1979.
- What is the lowest merchandise exports to high-income economies recorded in Pre-demographic dividend?
- The lowest recorded value was 41.0% in 2020.
- How does Pre-demographic dividend rank for merchandise exports to high-income economies?
- Pre-demographic dividend ranks 45th out of 47 groups with data for 2023.
- Is merchandise exports to high-income economies rising or falling in Pre-demographic dividend?
- Over the last ten years it is down 6.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Pre-demographic dividend data come from?
- The figures come from Staff estimates, World Bank (WB), published as part of Merchandise exports to high-income economies (% of total merchandise exports). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Merchandise exports to high-income economies are the sum of merchandise exports from the reporting economy to high-income economies according to the World Bank classification of economies. Data are expressed as a percentage of total merchandise exports by the economy. Data are computed only if at least half of the economies in the partner country group had non-missing data.