Dealing with construction permits: Liability and insurance regimes index (0-2) (DB16-20 methodology) by country
The liability and insurance regimes index evaluates the stringency of latent defect liability and insurance regimes. It has two components: (i) whether any parties involved in the construction process are held legally liable for latent defects such as structural flaws or problems in the building once it is in use;...
What the numbers show
Dealing with construction permits: Liability and insurance regimes index (0-2) (DB16-20 methodology) is currently reported for 185 countries. The highest value is 2 DB16-20 methodology in Albania; the lowest is 0 DB16-20 methodology in Zambia.
The median across all reporting countries is 1 DB16-20 methodology, and the mean is 0.8489 DB16-20 methodology.
Over the past decade 2 countries rose and 1 fell. The largest increase was in Philippines (up 100.0%), and the largest decrease in Singapore (down 100.0%).
Dealing with construction permits: Liability and insurance regimes: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Albania | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | United Arab Emirates | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Austria | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Belgium | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Benin | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Burkina Faso | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Bulgaria | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Canada | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | China (Peopleβs Republic of) | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Cameroon | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Congo, Republic of | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Colombia | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Cape Verde | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Algeria | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Egypt, Arab Republic of | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | France | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Indonesia | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | India | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | volatile |
| 1 | Israel | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Italy | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Kuwait | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Lebanon | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Luxembourg | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Morocco | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Malta | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Mongolia | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Mauritius | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | New Zealand | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Philippines | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 1 | Poland | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Rwanda | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 1 | Senegal | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Serbia, Republic of | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Chad | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 1 | Togo | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | volatile |
| 1 | Tunisia | 2 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 38 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 1.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 38 | Mali | 1.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 38 | Suriname | 1.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 41 | Mexico | 1.17 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Afghanistan | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Angola | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Argentina | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Australia | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Burundi | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Bahrain, Kingdom of | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Belarus, Republic of | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Bolivia | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Brazil | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Chile | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | CΓ΄te d'Ivoire | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Comoros, Union of the | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Costa Rica | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Czechia | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Djibouti | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | volatile |
| 42 | Denmark | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Dominican Republic | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Ecuador | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Spain | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Estonia | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Fiji, Republic of | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Georgia | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | volatile |
| 42 | Ghana | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Guinea | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | volatile |
| 42 | Equatorial Guinea, Republic of | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Greece | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Guatemala | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Honduras | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Croatia | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Hungary | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Jamaica | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Jordan | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Japan | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Kazakhstan, Republic of | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Korea | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Lithuania | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Moldova, Republic of | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Madagascar, Republic of | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | North Macedonia | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Montenegro | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Malaysia | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Niger | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Netherlands | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Oman | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Panama | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Peru | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Puerto Rico | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Portugal | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Paraguay | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Qatar | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Romania | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Russia | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Sudan | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Solomon Islands | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | San Marino | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Slovak Republic | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Slovenia | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Thailand | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Tonga | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | TΓΌrkiye | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Ukraine | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Uruguay | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Uzbekistan | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | St. Vincent and the Grenadines | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Venezuela, RepΓΊblica Bolivariana de | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Kosovo | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 42 | Taiwan, China | 1 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 111 | Pakistan | 0.975 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 112 | Barbados | 0.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 112 | Germany | 0.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 112 | Gabon | 0.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | volatile |
| 112 | Guinea-Bissau | 0.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 112 | Iraq | 0.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 112 | Kiribati | 0.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 112 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 0.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 112 | St. Lucia | 0.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 112 | Mauritania, Islamic Republic of | 0.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 112 | Malawi | 0.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 112 | Namibia | 0.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 112 | Nicaragua | 0.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 112 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 112 | Zimbabwe | 0.5 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 126 | United States | 0.4 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | unchanged | flat |
| 127 | Armenia, Republic of | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Antigua and Barbuda | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Azerbaijan, Republic of | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Bangladesh | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Bahamas, The | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Belize | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Brunei Darussalam | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Bhutan | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Botswana | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Central African Republic | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Switzerland | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Cyprus | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Dominica | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Ethiopia, The Federal Democratic Republic of | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Finland | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Micronesia, Federated States of | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | United Kingdom | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Gambia | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Grenada | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Guyana | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Haiti | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Ireland | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Iceland | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Kenya | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Kyrgyz Republic | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Cambodia | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | St. Kitts and Nevis | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Liberia | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Sri Lanka | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Lesotho, Kingdom of | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Latvia | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Maldives | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Marshall Islands | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Myanmar | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Mozambique, Republic of | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Nigeria | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Norway | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Nepal | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Palau, Republic of | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Papua New Guinea | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Palestine, State of | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Saudi Arabia | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Singapore | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | down 100.0% | volatile |
| 127 | Sierra Leone | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | El Salvador | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | South Sudan | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Sweden | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Eswatini | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Seychelles | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Tajikistan, Republic of | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Timor-Leste | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Uganda | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Vietnam | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Vanuatu | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Samoa | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | South Africa | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
| 127 | Zambia | 0 DB16-20 methodology | 2019 | β | flat |
About this data
The liability and insurance regimes index evaluates the stringency of latent defect liability and insurance regimes. It has two components: (i) whether any parties involved in the construction process are held legally liable for latent defects such as structural flaws or problems in the building once it is in use; (ii) whether any party involved in the construction process is legally required to obtain a latent defect liability or decennial (10 years) liability insurance policy to cover possible structural flaws or problems in the building once it is in use. The index is computed based on the methodology in the DB16-20 studies.